Solar energy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Solar energy - Essay Example Organizations and industry likewise utilize these technologies to broaden their energy sources, enhance productivity, and recovery cash. Sun based photovoltaic and concentrating sun powered force technologies are likewise being utilized by engineers and utilities to process power on a monstrous scale to power urban communities and residential areas. Sun powered force is generated by gathering daylight and changing over it into power. This is carried out by utilizing sun powered boards, which are vast even boards made up of numerous singular sunlight based cells. It is frequently utilized as a part of remote areas, in spite of the fact that it is getting to be more famous in urban territories too. This page holds articles that investigate propels in sunlight based energy engineering. Numerous individuals are acquainted with supposed photovoltaic cells, or sun powered boards, found on things like space apparatus, housetops, and handheld adding machines. The cells are made of semiconductor materials like those found in PC chips. The point when daylight hits the units, it thumps electrons detached from their molecules. As the electrons course through the unit, they produce power. On a much bigger scale, sunlight based warm power plants utilize different strategies to think the suns energy as a high temperature source. The high temperature is then used to bubble water to drive a steam turbine that produces power in much the same form as coal and atomic force plants, supplying power for many individuals. Sun powered energy is praised as a limitless fuel source that is contamination and regularly commotion free. The engineering is likewise flexible. For instance, sun based units produce energy for far-out spots like satellites in Earth circle and lodges profound in the Rocky Mountains as effectively as they can control downtown edifices and cutting edge autos. However sun powered energy doesnt work

Strategic Management Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Strategic Management Paper - Essay Example The strengths that are associated with the New York Times are based on the concept of diversity that has been incorporated into the main part of the platform. The main creation of news is one that is based on providing diversity at three levels, including the local, national and international realms. More important, the New York Times has expanded into a new market that is able to incorporate several concepts and applications that are a part of the main strengths. The main platform has developed into a news arena that is able to focus on several target markets while providing general news that was a part of the foundation of the company. The weaknesses that are associated with the New York Times are based on the sense of production and research and development that is associated with the company. Instead of creating a specific association with a specific type of production, there is a building into diversity that is all in one newspaper. The production is limited to the multimedia, trends and demands that are from the market. However, there isn’t a niche market or a specific association with diversifying the market in an alternative manner. At the same time, there is a broader range of the market to cover because of the move into globalization with a focus specifically that comes from New York. For the production to continue to work effectively, they will have to continue working toward diversifying the market, working with the changing media and building branches within the business. The internal factors that are associated with the strengths and weaknesses begin with the management. The management is able to provide strength because of the diversity of the company as well as the association with the global market. The internal management compliments this with changing the portfolio that is within the company through news reports and digital media. The association is based on diversity for local

Robotic Cultivation System Design

Robotic Cultivation System Design Abstract Population of the world is growing rapidly and this rapid growth demands more food. Due to the advancement and revolution boost in petrochemical industries, the agriculture industry also have some developments, but at the cost of soil, environment, and our health. The conventional agriculture industry needs sustainability, improvement, robustness, and automation. Moreover, to keep pace with the requirements, we require machinery support that can perform its tasks more precisely and swiftly, according to the given instruction. In our proposed idea of Robotic Cultivation System, the crux objective is to flourish your garden without any supervision of the farmers. This system works effectively in such areas where farmers face difficulties in farming. The system is designed to perform many tasks including weeding tool, soil moisture, seed injecting, and watering. All these parameters are remotely accessible through any device and continues update of the aforementioned parameters on the w ebsite. Robotic Cultivation System can operate on grid as well as on renewable solar energy. However, it can be scalable from your backyard to agriculture industry. Subsequently, due to less energy consumption and its vital properties, Robotic Cultivation System will be a great revolution in agribusiness. Introduction Pakistan is an agricultural country, where cultivation plays a vital role to maintain the economy. Population of our country is growing rapidly and this rapid growth demands more food. The number of agriculture universities and lack of awareness and research, also has a great influence on the production of food. Developing countries are converting farmer hardship into modern scientific methods by using automation that works more accurately, swiftly, and produce more yield per acre. Farmers waste a lot of water to irrigate their lands which affects the growth of crops, therefore the new conventional paradigm has to devise some method to control the wastage of water. The inadequate quality control measures and poor seeding also affects the augmentation of food production. All these repercussions need to be revamped in order to get fresh and healthy crops. Moreover, through research and past knowledge we can use less human struggle to cover more land per cultivation reducing hectic and tiresome practices. The use of chemicals, which are being used to kill pesticides, herbicides, and fungicides, also needs to be curbed, as these chemicals lead to serious health hazards. Limited and unleveled land with low per acre yield are prominent factors which we are facing in production of food crops. Now-a- days engineers have designed various methods which can help the farmers to overcome these limitations and increase food production. Being an agricultural country, we need a lot of improvement and prosperity to overcome the major problems in cultivation system of Pakistan. When presented with the current food production system one cannot look past how broken it is. We have surrendered our knowledge in control over, how our food been produced and as a result we are destroying our health and the environment. We have to change that by an idea of new pyridine of food production. The idea lies in the intersection of automation, the open source DIY maker movement and small scale polygraph farming. The Robotic Cultivation System is designed to move around X, Y, and Z space, day and night, seven days a week growing food. The system precisely sows seeds in any pattern and density you want and waters them efficiently, the exact amount that each plant needs based on its type, according to the plants age, soil, local weather conditions and your growing preferences. The Robotic Cultivation System can grow variety of crops, all in the same area, at the same time. Each plant is cared individually in an optimize and automated way. By growing many type of plants at onc e, your garden will benefit from the natural advantages of poly cropping and croporation. Using the onboard camera and advance computer vision software, the system intelligently monitors your garden. With the soil sensor, it tells how your gardens moisture level changes over time, enabling smarter and more efficient farming with each passing season. By this system your garden will flourish, and your plants will frieze. Moreover, you can control Robotic Cultivation System with powerful web based interface. The hardware design of the system is scalable, from your backyard to agriculture industry. Also, it can operate on renewable solar power. The system is perfect to get started in a small space, can be placed outdoors or in a green house or even on a roof top. Objectives Construction and Implementation of Cultivation Robot. It has two operating nodes, off grid and on grid. Remote access through any device and continues update of four parameters such as, moisture of soil before and after watering, quantity of water, and parameter measuring time stamp on website. Online access of weather conditions of the area to define the watering pattern for different vergtion in order to maintain moisture level of the area. Cost analysis of the project based on the real time data collected parameter in step number three. Optional Yield a vegetation pattern of a person and recommend to grow vegetable needed for the person for food using age, blood sugar, and weight. One person has the input over the cycle of one year (Diet Chart). Plant inspection using Digital Image Processing.

Software Piracy And Its Effects Essay -- essays research papers

Software Piracy and it's Effects Identification and Description of the Issue Copyright law are perhaps those laws which are breached the most by individual on a daily bases. This is because one might not know be informed about these law or because not much is done to enforce these law. Also some countries of the world have no Copyright laws. Software Piracy is a breach of a copyright law as one copies data contained on the medium on to another medium without the consent of the owner of the Software. When one buy a software one buys not the software content and therefore it isn't ones property. Instead one buy the license to use the software with accordance to the licensing agreement. Software companies invest a lot of time and money in creating a Software and the company rely upon the sales of the Software for it's survival. If illegal copies are made of Software the companies earns no money and could therefore be forced into bankruptcy. Software Piracy can be compared to robbing as one is stealing the goods of someone else and using it without paying for it. Up to 13 Billions dollars are lost in computer piracy yearly and in order to overcome these cost the company are force to rise the prices of their product. Brand name are properties of their respected companies and they have the right to protect their properties. Understanding of the IT background of the Issue Software is contained on disc or on a CD-ROM. Pirates copy can easily be made of Software on disc by copying from one disc to another disc. For CD-ROM one needs a CD-ROM burner or one copies the content onto a large hard disc and then on to a floppy disc. There are some underground bulletin boards ( BBS ) that contain pirate software. A user who logs on to one of these BBS can download Full version of Pirate Software provided one too can give something in return. On the Internet there are binary Newsgroup such as alt.binaries.warez, WWW pages and FTP sites that also contain Pirate Software. On the Newsgroup the Files are send upon request from anonymous users. As a result people who have access to the Internet can retrieve these Software Program free of charge. The person posting the Pirate software could be from a countries that has no copyright laws. These methods used in Software Piracy are hard to stop because of the fact it is done on the Internet and between individual form different co... ...e it to unlikely that any new copy protection will not be cracked. To much copy protection could drive away legitimate consumers. Till now politician haven't really looked into the problem of Software piracy and Copyrights very thoroughly as they think that there are bigger problems to solve. Once though legislation are passes and people made aware that Software Piracy is a crime one could see a fall in Software Piracy. In dealing with other country involves a lot of bureaucracy but also a committed government. For anything to occur on the political level could take years for any effects to be seen. It has the greatest chance of solving the problem in the long run. In the technological side one could solve the problem only one a short term but implementation would be fast. Sources Internet Page WWW.pcworld.com/News December 96 Business Software Alliance Information Sheet on Software Piracy Computer Ethics Tom Forester &Perry Morrison Chapter3 "Software Theft" page 51-72 CNN Computer Connection December 96 - January 97 PC Magazine entire 96 Volume Reuters InfoWorld, Vol.19, No.6 Reuters 6 Feb. 97 Media Daily, Jan 30, 1997 Article on FBI crackdown on Software Pirates

Information Technology Acts Paper Essay

Have you ever been sitting at home relaxing when the phone rings and it is a telemarketer on the other line trying to sell you something? You didn’t reach out to the company on the other line prompting this intrusion. Most of the time, you don’t even want the product they are selling. This is an issue that has plagued millions of people across the United States since the mid-to-late eighties when businesses started using the telephone in order to market and sell their products. Two Acts in particular have been passed in order to help battle telemarketers and maintain residencies’ privacy when it comes to the telephone. The Telephone Consumer Protection Act (TCPA) was passed in 1991 was implemented because of the increasing amount of commercial solicitation calls consumers were receiving. The act laid out rules that companies must abide by when marketing through the telephone. Some of these rules consisted of providing the solicitor’s name, the name of the entity whose behalf the call is being made, and a telephone number or address where they can be contacted. Another is that solicitation calls can only be made between the hours of 8 am and 9 pm. Finally telemarketers must abide by any do not call requests from consumers. According to â€Å"Unwanted Telephone Marketing Calls† (2013), â€Å" In June 2003, the FCC supplemented its original rules implementing the TCPA and established, together with the Federal Trade Commission (FTC), the national Do-Not-Call list. † George W. Bush signed the Do-Not-Call Implementation Act into law on June 11th, 2003. This Act in conjunction with the TCPA, the Do-Not-Call Implementation Act is also here to protect the consumer from unwanted phone calls. There is a grace period of 31 days that the consumer has to put their phone number on this list from the day the number is registered. Companies can be sued by individuals for not upholding rules by which these to Acts represent. States can also initiate civil action against offending companies. Individuals can also file complaints through the FCC. These are a few of the ways the TCPA and Do-Not-Call Implementation Acts can be enforced. They are only here to protect the consumer and we are all better off for them.

A Glimpse of the Japanese Era through Filipino Paintings Essay

I.1 Background in the selection of the topic and AV Media to use. In Philippine history, many countries had tried to own the lands from when the time Spaniards first stepped in to the time of World War II where the country was invaded by Japanese army. Because of the invasions and wars, many Filipino people sacrificed their lives for freedom and democracy. Just like the national hero, Dr. Jose Rizal who sacrificed his life to awaken people’s patriotism, many artists also made artworks to express their feelings on how the natives were treated back then. Flash card, from the term itself, is a card used to display something including words and even images for pictorial cards just like posters. They are simple, cheap, versatile, yet often underexploited resources. Using them is a great way to present topics that include images and other visual symbols. With the aid of flash cards as instructional module, audience could learn better, understand and remember about the life of the Filipino people under the Japanese administration through some of the paintings made by Filipino painters. I.2 Importance and Significance of the chosen topic and the AV Media to use At present, the rise of new artworks is noticeable worldwide. Sometimes, artworks of the earlier times are neglected and forgotten, thus this topic is chosen to have a glimpse of our past and look back on the happenings that leaved significant marks in our history. This topic would also help the present generation recall about the country’s historical events and create a sense of nationalism to fight for freedom. Topics on artworks such as in the field of painting should at least include visual media to enhance discussion and keep the interest of the audience. The use of flash cards with printed image of the actual paintings on the Japanese occupation could help audience visualize, learn more and understand better the life of the people and the condition of the country back then. On the side of the lecturer, he doesn’t have to spend too much since he can create his own sets of flash cards for his specific needs. IIOBJECTIVES. II.1 General Objective To describe the art of painting that reflects the condition of the country during the Japanese times II.2 Specific Objectives To describe the nature of the paintings of the Japanese era and the styles used by the painters To discuss the purpose or intention of the painters and what message they want to convey in making their artwork III.DISCUSSION III.1 Review of Literature of the chosen Topic and AV Media Chosen From one colonizer to another–after more than three centuries of Spanish rule, the Americans came and then the Japanese to enslave our country. In response to the Japanese propaganda, according to Dr. Alice G. Guillermo, Filipino painters reacted by producing the following works: †¢ paintings that may be implicitly supportive of the Japanese occupation such as Vicente Alvarez Dizon’s â€Å"A Day Begins† done in 1942 †¢ genre scenes that seem neutral such as Crispin V. Lopez’s â€Å"Baguio Market† made in 1943 showing Japanese soldiers interacting with women vegetable vendors †¢ paintings that bring out national identity such as Emilio G. Santiago’s â€Å"Christmas Eve† made in 1942 which shows a traditional Filipino scene that evokes nostalgia †¢ paintings alluding to the social conditions of the time such as Pilar M. Santiago’s â€Å"Evacuees† made in 1941,Irineo Miranda’s Home from Work made in 1944, and Simon Saulog’s Conspiracy made in 1943 which shows a group of men in an evening meeting which suggests to the underground anti-Japanese movement. A suspension on artistic activity was prevalent during the Japanese occupation. However, some visual artists still managed to produce artworks based on the atrocities brought by the war. Artists represented in the collection: Dominador Castaà ±eda, Demetrio Diego, Diosdado Lorenzo, Romeo Tabuena, Gene Cabrera and others. In the field of painting, the most disturbing and the largest is Diosdado Lorenzo’s â€Å"Rape and Massacre in Ermita†. Lorenzo’s painting portraying two Japanese soldiers raping and killing family members in an Ermita home depicted a common horror not just in Manila neighborhoods but throughout many parts of the country. A young girl in the foreground is already dead from stab wounds, while another young girl with long hair in the background is naked and wounded. The husband has just been bayoneted. The wife struggling with a Japanese soldier clutching a knife, her breasts exposed, is about to be raped and murdered. A crying baby in a crib is a foreboding sign. There were countless stories by World War II survivors who saw Japanese soldiers flinging babies into the air and thrusting them with bayonets as they fell to earth. An altar with dangling rosaries is set on one side, mute and helpless. Tropical foliage seen from an open window vainly hides the fire and terror occurring outside. Dominador Castaneda’s work, entitled â€Å"Doomed Family† is of a different intensity but harrowing as well. Done in 1945, this oil on canvas has the feel of a silent scream. A mother lays dead; her long hair on the floor simulates blood. A lifeless father is bound in rope, his bloodied back mercilessly whipped. A child, still alive and tied, has her mouth open emitting perhaps a frightened helpless wail. One cannot tell if they are depicted in a home or in a cell. Their doom in the dark is the only certainty. A third painting related to World War II is entitled â€Å"Capas† by Demetrio Diego, a distinguished painter and former chief artist for the Sunday Times Magazine. It depicts the slow and agonizing death of Filipino prisoners-of-war in a Tarlac internment camp. The prisoner in the center seems to check on his companion’s condition beside him. The act is noble but futile. A man seated at the foot of the bamboo bed is malnourished and ready to die. Another famous Filipino historical and war painter is Fernando Amorsolo y Cueto. He is known as â€Å"The Painter of Philippine Sunlight† because his works capture the brilliance of the Philippine sun. He paints from within the Filipino values, character and soul. The artistic trademark of Amorsolo and his greatest contribution to Philippine painting is the backlighting technique. In a typical Amorsolo painting, figures are outlined against a characteristic glow, and intense light on one part of the canvas highlights nearby details. Portrayals of human sorrow and suffering were revealed through his illustrations of â€Å"women mourning their dead husbands, files of people with pushcarts and makeshift bags leaving a dark burning city tinged with red from fire and blood†. One particular painting, the Defense of a Filipina Woman’s Honor (1945), had two figures huddled in a corner: a man defiantly about to defend his wife or daughter from being raped or executed by an invisible Japanese soldier. The Japanese soldier is outside Amorsolo’s canvas, but from the defiant look of the man, it can be assumed that the intruder is still inside the house. This painting represented his unspoken defiance against oppression. There are several ways of presenting the topic—one of which is the use of flash cards especially for the images of the paintings which portrays the happenings in the Philippine history. Though there are other better ways of presenting it such as through PowerPoint, flash cards are more applicable especially when there is no access to computer for the operation, and they can also be used as back-up modules if ever there is power failure during the PowerPoint presentation. Flash cards are handy and cheaper compared to other AV media. The thing that matters most when using flash cards is that they should be of the same sizes that are visible to a certain size of audience. III.2 Materials and Procedure in the Preparation of the AV Media The materials needed in the discussion are: cards (folder size) to be used as flash cards, printed photos or images of the paintings, and glue to mount the printed images on the cards. The first step in the production of the AV media is choosing an interesting topic that is applicable for the chosen media. Researching for related literature follows and summarizing the content of the research by choosing the most important details for the presentation. Next is to have printed image of the paintings included in the research made and mounting them to the folder-size cards. The last thing to do is to practice for the presentation and proper use of the media chosen. III.3 Application of the AV Media The flash cards will be used in presenting the paintings made by the Filipino painters on the Japanese occupation. They will also be used to present important facts such as the title of the paintings, names of the painters and a little detail of the paintings shown. This will help audience to get familiar with the artworks, remember who painted them and what the paintings were implying. III.4 Sample Test/ Evaluation questions 1. Who are some of the Filipino painters who made paintings about the Japanese period in the country? 2. What common message do their paintings convey? 3. What are the media used by these painters in creating their pieces? 4. What is the name of the Dominador Castaneda’s painting? 5. What happened to the artistic activities during the Japanese occupation? 6. Who was called as â€Å"the Painter of the Philippine Sunlight?† 7. What was Amosrolo’s biggest contribution to the Philippine painting? 8. Who was the painter of the â€Å"Rape and Massacre in Ermita†? 9. How was the life of Filipinos during Japanese occupation? 10. What does â€Å"Capas† by Demetrio Diego depicts? IVCONCLUSION In the Philippines, almost all fields of art and our history have connections to other countries. The culture that the Filipinos have at present was influenced by the foreign countries that once colonized the Philippines. For the four years of the Japanese occupation, from 1941 to 1945, the colonizers, as a means of propaganda, used the visual arts. They produced posters, leaflets, flyers, comics, and illustrations that were dropped from passing airplanes. These included colored drawings, watercolor, photographs, photomontages, or calendar illustrations. The sixties and the seventies became a period of experimentation and exploration of new media, techniques, styles, forms of expression, and concepts in art. It also marked the increased consciousness of visual artists to bring their art closer to the people through forms like murals, prints, and cartoons. Paintings, for example, were one of the artworks that the Filipino people used in expressing their feelings to awaken patriotism of their countrymen. V.SUMMARY. In Philippine history, many countries had tried to own the lands from when the time Spaniards first stepped in to the time of World War II where the country was invaded by Japanese army. Because of the invasions and wars, many Filipino people sacrificed their lives for freedom and democracy. Just like the national hero, Dr. Jose Rizal who sacrificed his life to awaken people’s patriotism, many artists also made artworks to express their feelings on how the natives were treated back then. At present, the rise of new artworks is noticeable worldwide. Sometimes, artworks of the earlier times are neglected and forgotten, thus this topic is chosen to have a glimpse of our past and look back on the happenings that leaved significant marks in our history. The general objective of this module is to describe the art of painting that reflects the condition of the country during the Japanese times. Specific objectives are: to describe the nature of the paintings of the Japanese era and the styles used by the painters; and to discuss the purpose or intention of the painters and what message they want to convey in making their artwork. There are several ways of presenting the topic—one of which is the use of flash cards especially for the images of the paintings which portrays the happenings in the Philippine history. Though there are other better ways of presenting it such as through PowerPoint, flash cards are more applicable especially when there is no access to computer for the operation, and they can also be used as back-up modules if ever there is power failure during the PowerPoint presentation. The flash cards will be used in presenting the paintings made by the Filipino painters on the Japanese occupation. They will also be used to present important facts such as the title of the paintings, names of the painters and a little detail of the paintings shown. This will help audience to get familiar with the artworks, remember who painted them and what the paintings were implying. For the four years of the Japanese occupation, from 1941 to 1945, the colonizers, as a means of propaganda, used the visual arts. The sixties and the seventies became a period of experimentation and exploration of new media, techniques, styles, forms of expression, and concepts in art. It also marked the increased consciousness of visual artists to bring their art closer to the people through forms like murals, prints, and cartoons. Paintings, for example, were one of the artworks that .the Filipino people used in expressing their feelings to awaken patriotism of their countrymen. VI.REFERENCES Silva, John L. March 4, 2007. â€Å"Paintings To Remind Us Of Japanese Cruelties In World. War II†.John’s Thoughts And Deeds. Hernandez, Eloisa May P. â€Å"The American and Contemporary Traditions in Philippine Visual Arts†. National Commission for Culture and the Arts. Salvio, Ma. Czarina Colleen C. September 2011. â€Å"Philippine Art Paintings†. When my Life Begins. http://colleensalvio.blogspot.com/2011/09/philippine-art-paintings.html http://littleprincess1.hubpages.com/hub/The-Controversial-Painting http://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php?title=Fernando_Amorsolo#Historical_and_War_ Paintings Killkathari. February 2013. B’s LOG 5. http://www.teachingenglish.org.uk/articles/using-flash-cards-young-learners.

The Three Best Places to Start Your Journalism Career

The Three Best Places to Start Your Journalism Career When I was in grad school I had a part-time gopher job at the New York Daily News. But my dream was to be a reporter in a big-city newsroom, so one day I put together my best clips and walked into the office of one of the papers top editors. Id toiled at several student papers and had an internship under my belt. Id also worked part-time at a local daily paper when I was an undergrad in journalism school. So I asked her if I had what it took to get a reporting job there. No, she said. Not yet. This is the big-time, she told me. You cant afford to make mistakes here. Go and make your mistakes at a smaller paper, then come back when youre ready. She was right. Four years later I did return to the Daily News, where I worked as a reporter, Long Island bureau chief and eventually deputy national news editor. But I did so after getting solid newsroom experience at The Associated Press, experience that prepared me for the big leagues. Too many journalism school grads today want to start their careers at places like The New York Times, Politico and CNN. Its fine to aspire to work at such lofty news organizations, but at places like that, there wont be much on-the-job-training. Youll be expected to hit the ground running. Thats fine if youre a prodigy, the Mozart of journalism, but most college grads need a training ground where they can be mentored, where they can learn - and make mistakes - before they hit the big time. So heres my list of the best places to start your career in the news business. Weekly Community Papers Probably not a sexy choice, but short-staffed weeklies offer new hires the opportunity to do a little bit of everything - write and edit stories, take pictures, do layout, and so on. This gives young journalists the kind of broad newsroom experience that can be valuable later on.​ Small to Midsized Local Papers Local papers are great incubators for young reporters. They offer you the chance to cover all the things youll cover at bigger papers - cops, courts, local politics and the like - but in an environment where you can hone your skills. Also, good local papers will have mentors, older reporters, and editors who can help you learn the tricks of the trade. There are plenty of very good local papers out there. One example: The Anniston Star. A small-town paper in southwest Alabama may not sound like the most exciting place to start out, but The Star has long been known for solid journalism and a crusading spirit. Indeed, during the civil rights movement in the 1960s, The Star was one of few southern papers to support school integration. The states racist governor, George Wallace, nicknamed it The Red Star for its liberal stance. The Associated Press The AP is the boot camp of journalism. People in the AP will tell you that two years at the wire service is like four or five years anywhere else, and its true. Youll work harder and write more stories at the AP than in any other job. Thats because while the AP is the worlds largest news organization, individual AP bureaus tend to be small. For instance, when I worked at the Boston AP bureau we had maybe a dozen or so staffers in the newsroom on a typical weekday shift. On the other hand, The Boston Globe, the citys largest newspaper, has dozens if not hundreds of reporters and editors. Since AP bureaus are so small, AP staffers have to produce a lot of copy. While a newspaper reporter might write a story or two a day, an AP staffer might write four or five articles - or more. The result is that AP staffers are known for being able to produce clean copy on very tight deadlines. In an age when the 24/7 news cycle of the Internet has forced reporters everywhere to write fast, the kind of experience you get at the AP is highly prized. In fact, my four years at the AP got me the job at the New York Daily News.

Free Essays on Revisited

Can’t Buy Me Love The depression was an era of extremes. A person was more than likely extremely poor, or in the lucky upper 1% that was extremely wealthy. The middle class was virtually not existent. All of these income groups, including those characterized in our three stories, wanted money because it supposedly brought happiness, but were actually struggling to cling to the intangible, unreachable feeling of love. If money leads to love, Dexter Green has bought it a thousand times over. He wanted not association with the glittering things and glittering people [but] the glittering things themselves" even if they come in the shape of an object, a person, a house, a manner, or as simple as a life (Fitzgerald Dreams 58). He is still the "proud, desirous little boy" of his youth (Dreams 64). This reincarnation of the Victorian gilded age reinstates the fact those things that look of worth might really be empty of value inside. This glittering hollowed thing for Dexter Green appears as Judy Jones. He wa nts her; he longs for her because he has everything else. "Often he reached out for the best without knowing why he wanted it;" just another trophy on his shelf, and seemingly the gift one might give a person who has everything (Dreams 58). He is desperate for the lifestyle, the glittering things, and belonging. Judy, herself, is a symbol of wealth and to men, the ideal of love. She has proper breeding, incredible beauty, popularity, and above of all, lots of money. Though she is what men want to use as an example of love, she can not love. Rather, she is merely the idea of love and evidently the irony of love. She has no human capacity for it for she is only playing the game to prove that she can "[make] men conscious to the highest degree of her physical loveliness" and make them fall in love with her in an instant (Dreams 65). Judy had fun with men and "was entertained only by the gratification of her desires and by the direct exerci... Free Essays on Revisited Free Essays on Revisited Can’t Buy Me Love The depression was an era of extremes. A person was more than likely extremely poor, or in the lucky upper 1% that was extremely wealthy. The middle class was virtually not existent. All of these income groups, including those characterized in our three stories, wanted money because it supposedly brought happiness, but were actually struggling to cling to the intangible, unreachable feeling of love. If money leads to love, Dexter Green has bought it a thousand times over. He wanted not association with the glittering things and glittering people [but] the glittering things themselves" even if they come in the shape of an object, a person, a house, a manner, or as simple as a life (Fitzgerald Dreams 58). He is still the "proud, desirous little boy" of his youth (Dreams 64). This reincarnation of the Victorian gilded age reinstates the fact those things that look of worth might really be empty of value inside. This glittering hollowed thing for Dexter Green appears as Judy Jones. He wa nts her; he longs for her because he has everything else. "Often he reached out for the best without knowing why he wanted it;" just another trophy on his shelf, and seemingly the gift one might give a person who has everything (Dreams 58). He is desperate for the lifestyle, the glittering things, and belonging. Judy, herself, is a symbol of wealth and to men, the ideal of love. She has proper breeding, incredible beauty, popularity, and above of all, lots of money. Though she is what men want to use as an example of love, she can not love. Rather, she is merely the idea of love and evidently the irony of love. She has no human capacity for it for she is only playing the game to prove that she can "[make] men conscious to the highest degree of her physical loveliness" and make them fall in love with her in an instant (Dreams 65). Judy had fun with men and "was entertained only by the gratification of her desires and by the direct exerci...

Application Letter for Communication Design - myassignmenthelp

All my life I have lacked the grade that was required to be a good student. I was not the child that my parents wanted. The only thing that interested me was art. In my life, I went through difficulties; the only thing that stayed with me was art, and I never lost that in my life. It stayed constant with time, and since then, I developed a liking for watercolours and contrasts. I never thought that there was so much to explore in this field. When I was in 11 th grade, my classmates were busy aspiring to become a doctor, engineer or a banker. The only thing I wanted was to paint the canvas and never grow out of it. Then, when I realized that I only want art all my life and pursue a career in art. Since then, I started working towards my passion for paint and art. I joined painting class, and to my surprise, I discovered that I have a love for art. It was soothing for me to escape into the world of art. After the course completion, I did not stop painting. Since then I took my passion seriously and purchased my paint, brushes and canvas. I started painting at home, it gave me a feeling of accomplishment, and I continued that.   After a while, I attended a workshop conducted by famous fashion icon and stylist, Alex Perry in Australia. My interest for art grew, and I started searching for a breakthrough to fulfil my career in arts. I searched through countless programs, courses and schools, but was not aware of what exactly I wanted. Finally, my search ended and I found FIT. It is a dream for me to land in the prefect fashion school in New York and was daunting for me. To apply for such a standard reputed college was beyond my expectations. My parents were silent; however, I thought that I cannot let my dreams go. I was scared. However, FIT is not just a fashion school for me rather my life experience. It is a challenge and a decision for the lifetime. I look forwards towards my journey at FIT and the upcoming challenges that I have to face. The opportunities that FIT will give me are far more rewarding. I love to paint, it gives me happiness, and I think nothing better that I can think and make it into a career. Painting is a beautiful thing and for it is a medium of self-expression. Through painting, I can express myself and FIT will give me the opportunity to create a world of my own. I get lost in the world of abstractness and creativity whenever I look at the blank canvas. I think FIT will act as a catalyst for enhancing my skills and helping me win a place in the fashion industry. It will help me to transform the view of designing in society. The combination of colours giving rise to different shades fascinated me. The design principles and the way it changes the perceptions of beauty is surprising for me. The feeling of ecstasy when I find the font after the elements are unified is priceless. I am captivated by the element disruption and flow of beauty that create designing. I want to show that the beauty in places and things can change one’s life that captivated me. When a person is aware of the designing, there is a change in their perceptions and give an experience that can charm one’s senses. This is the reason I want to pursue my majors in Communication Design and learn the changing viewpoints and comprehension of art that makes one crave. I think FIT will help me to learn the skills required for this industry and transform the concept of designing in the society. I will give my best, as art is a part of me. I know that I have the potential to pursue my career and succeed in FIT. I have the determination and passion to work and do my best to pursue my career in fashion. I will give my full dedication, creativity and enthusiasm to prove my potential and opportunity to achieve my goals and flourish in my chosen career.  Ã‚  

Mao and Dynastic History Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Mao and Dynastic History - Essay Example At an early age, Mao liked to read popular historical books concerning political turmoil and unconventional military heroes. He liked the artistic works of Kang Yuwei, a nationalist reformer in China, and admired the earlier political generations of Chinese history. Indeed, China's last dynasty started to succumb the moment Moa founded the Chinese Communist Party in 1921. Thirteen years later, the political party had a membership of more than eighty thousand individuals. Chiang Kai-shek, a commander of the Nationalist Army, ordered his army to pursue members of the Chinese Communist Party. Although faced with challenges and mistrust, Mao’s party formed an alliance with the Nationalists against the Japanese government during the Second World War. Later on, the Nationalists fled to Taiwan during a civil war that the communists won under Mao’s leadership. Surely, there exist considerable similarities between Mao’s rule and former emperors who ruled in China. For exa mple, Mao established policies that allowed its government to redistribute some lands to peasant farmers. Mao provided a gateway to democracy and realization of human rights by providing college students with the freedom to carry out counter-revolutionaries. Similarly, the former emperors such as Liu Bang established friendly policies that lowered taxation rates and provided people with more freedom. However, Mao had a different leadership model that set in a motion of â€Å"Great Leap Forward† that aimed at safeguarding the industrial, agricultural, and construction sectors.

What do the sounds in White Noise foreshadow Essay

What do the sounds in White Noise foreshadow - Essay Example This may mean his work has enhanced his art to, a significant level, or his work has accomplished larger commercial achievement than his previous works. This paper analyzes the significance of sounds in White Noise. White Noise made tremendous sales and got terrific reviews all through the career of Don DeLillo. It is straightforward to understand the reasons that made it one of the best fictional works of the time. A number of factors contributed to its superior position over other similar works. They include its crafty satire of academia, advertising, and television, its letter-perfect illustration of the sights and sounds of malls and supermarkets, its ironically humorous structure of the post nuclear household, and expression of events that strongly relate with contemporary Americans. In addition, Don DeLillo has focused more on the need for association between the world, the national communities and the self, survival and the subtle, and culture, than with character. People are technologically oriented, and elements of nature entangled in the riddle of history, therefore, the superhero, the outlaw and the notion of man against other elements exist as fiction in the contemporary world (DeLillo 6). DeLillo’s work illustrates a form of intelligence and suspense, a feeling of the tight-drawn net and widening gyre. White Noise is a story based on a professor of Hitler studies, Jack Gladney, in an institution, in America. The life of the professor with his family is pervaded by the ubiquitous complain of technological advancements. The radio and television offer constant commercials and commentary. This helps unite Jack’s family with the other parts of America in a significant cover of consumerism. The professor is enjoying his life, only indistinctly traumatized by the concern of his ultimate death (DeLillo 8). This changes when a chemical discharge emits a dark cloud of insecticide elements. The in the air poisonous condition makes the professor and his family leave their home. John and his family’s peaceful life are interrupted, in spite, the permission to return to their home one week after the toxic event. His contact with the toxic event makes him concentrate on the probability of his looming death. In addition, her fourth wife is also affected by her concern over death. A possible solution for their fear of death is in the form of medicine that guarantees to deal with the fear of death, Dylar. Jack turns to tremendous solutions to lessen his pain when the medication is unsuccessful. The hum of technology continues to engross Jack all through his troubles. The book is more than a deliberation on death. White Noise is a reflection of the impact of commercialism and technological activities on an individual’s everyday life. The professor is not afraid of his natural demise. It is only after Jack has contact with a manmade disastrous event that he is worried of his unnatural death. The toxic activities seem t o remove excitement about life. The author shows that the white noise engrossing Jack had started to demean his survival. The toxic events make jack conscious of demeaned existence (DeLillo 117). The professor’s associations are characterized by technologically related activities. The ease and comfort provided by all the gadgets encircling John and his family is attractive but dulling in the long run. It conceals the line between projected situations and

Big Brothers Big Sisters Mentoring Activities --Savannah, GA Essay

Big Brothers Big Sisters Mentoring Activities --Savannah, GA - Essay Example The organization is undoubtedly one of the best charitable organizations in the area. The chapter is highly effective considering most of the activities the organization offers here. Its impact is widely felt through the contribution it has made to the children of this area. Firstly, volunteers are deployed through a highly rigorous process. This is done by thoroughly screening everyone coming in to offer services. This is done through interviews as well as background investigations. This way the organization is able to provide top-notch level of services to the children. In addition, most of the reports from the officials indicate that there is a notable positive effect among youth (Stone, 2009). Looking at the programs offered by the organization, I would more likely classify them as prevention measures than diversion. This is so because, the services provided by the volunteers are focused in making the young people gain good values that are generally acceptable in the society. The y are keen in coaching the youth on how to keep away from harmful behavior such as using illegal drugs and criminal activities. Although there are other programs that aims at helping this generation of kids become more diverse as far as their careers is concerned, the main goal is to bring up children of high morals (Jano, 2008). Another reported outcome of the program is bringing up self-confident young people who can easily mingle with other people. BBBS Chapter Programs / Competition The local chapter offers a variety of programs that have become so successful in achieving positive results. The mentoring programs are set up based on the needs of the children. The mentors in different programs come from all walks of life and the organization matches these experts with the requirements of the young people seeking guidance. One of the most common programs is the academic mentoring. Here, an experienced college professor participates in mentoring a student through a particular projec t. Secondly, there is the career mentoring that aims at guiding youth through career choices and along the path of career chosen. Lastly, there is the personal development mentoring that provides counseling to young people when they are experiencing personal crisis (To’angutu, 2005). This also helps children with less privileged lives. The activities of the programs mostly leave other social service organization with less to offer, due to their wide support in terms of funds and staff, the BBBS has the competitive edge. The organization has reduced expenses since they do not incur staff expenses; they also have so many experts at their disposal who mostly volunteer their services to the program (Stone, 2009). The other organizations should try to specialize with offering social services that are not covered by BBBS. This will decrease the level of competitions that would otherwise arise from offering the same services as BBBS. BBBS versus Juvenile Justice System BBBS goals di ffer from those of the juvenile justice system. The latter is determined in rehabilitation of children accused of committing criminal offences. This is very different from the goals and the role of BBBS, which is guidance and counseling. The juvenile justice system only focuses with helping the children who are on the wrong whilst the BBBS focus on every child. Another difference is that the Juvenile justice system has the interest of the community at large where they aim at

A Modern Aiding Tool Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

A Modern Aiding Tool - Essay Example The statement should not be fact, it should not be vague, the writer should have conviction in it and it should be an opinion based on the writer’s feelings. The media improved my writing skills by leaps and bounds. I learned the jest of writing a potent thesis statement. The information of the media also helped me in writing specific thesis statements. Prior to going through the media by essays were broad and vague. Now I have learned to write a thesis statement that would captivate the reader and he would ask for ore. I also learned how to prove my thesis statement by providing supporting ideas. The written articles tell us that an essay is a structural thing which follows linear data. The article teaches us how to answer what, how and why. They also teach us how an essay is mapped so the reader does not lose way and become uninterested. The videos teach us that essay writing involves primarily a question, the answer in the form of a thesis statement, the body which describes the main idea with help of supporting ideas and lastly the conclusion. The powerpoint presentations in my view were more descriptive and easy to understand. The font of the power point was appealing. The language and examples used in the presentations were more effective.  

Kazakhstan Development Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Kazakhstan Development - Essay Example International trade involves movement of people, movement of capital and movement of raw materials to and fro developed and developing countries. The beneficiaries of globalization are the developed economies since the companies and trade have spread to other regions in the developing economies. Despite the free movement of people and other business related resources countries are still struggling with unfair distribution of resources, slavery, limited use of technology in developing countries, destruction of natural resources and unemployment. Nigeria being a developing economy has not enjoyed the benefits of globalization due to slow export business, huge debts and poor economic conditions that scares away the investors (Onwuka1 and Eguavoen 2007, P. 45). This paper will critically evaluate the development of Nigeria’s economy as a result of globalization. Country analysis The Nigeria economic development has been influenced by the availability of oil. Before the oil explora tion the economic grew by about 3.1 percent per year while from 1960 they was a positive growth by 6.2 percent per year but from 1980 there was a negative economic growth but rate due to adjustment and regulation the economic expended by about 4 percent. This positive economic growth due to oil drilling led to migration from rural areas to urban areas (Ekpo and Umoh 2013). As a result of industrial development, migration to urban areas and oil drilling the agricultural activities were neglected and therefore the country started to import fundamental food commodities. Domestic investment and savings also reduced while inflation rates increased to about 23 percent by the year 1976, 41 percent by the year 1989 and 72.8 percent in 1995 but later the inflation rate reduced to 9.5 percent in 1998 (Ekpo and Umoh 2013). Redundancy and joblessness was about 5 percent from 1976 to 1998 per year though its hard to document unemployment and its estimated that the rate of unemployment could be h igher due to recession in 1990s(Ekpo and Umoh 2013). As the world trade and economic expansion were being experienced in several parts of the globe Nigeria was experiencing economic recession, unemployment, scarcity of vital food items and high rate of inflation and thus failure to catch the attention of international investors and low gross domestic product. Nigeria therefore need to address it export diversity, imports, minimize debts and provide conducive environment for the foreign investors (Onwuka1 and Eguavoen 2007, P. 45. Is globalization jeopardizing developing nations’ economic development? Udombana (2002 p.11-17) reports that globalization is an incentive that unfairly and unequally solve problems of developing nations by enticing them to democratize, privatize and decentralize ,yet, industrialized nations are at a comfort zone where their currencies are strong and terms of trade stable to handle any changes in the world’s economy. Hobdell (2001) asserts tha t this is seen so because, globalization is driven by the same colonial powers who launched global campaigns of imperial control of people and resources targeted primarily at the developing nations. In disguise this force is

B-boy the Local Scene Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

B-boy the Local Scene - Essay Example The culture is also further subdivided on the locality; this is so because music and arts in general is normally a reflection of a society. The lyrics in a song or the type of facts that a movie refers to are normally borrowed from the occurrences in the society. Given the differences in the societal structure, the activities in one society may vary slightly with those of another. This is later reflected in the composition of the music in the locality (Kitwana 87). The town of Bloomington, Indiana, also has its own local hip hop culture. The culture, just like in American hip hop, is influenced by the national hip hop to a greater extent. Hip hop was a music mentality brought into existence by Americans of African descent. These people loved rapping; a type of narration in which an artist simply counts his wordings accompanied by a beat to make music. To make them stand out from any other music genre, artists of this type of music adorned unique type of attires. For instance, they dr essed in baggy and very fashionable dresses which constituted baggy trousers, most preferably jeans, baggy T-shirts, and very expensive jewelry. Besides, the culture involves a show of liking for the basketball sport. This was a culture that was specifically coined out of the preferences portrayed by the African American population in America. Given theikr big bodies, these people loved and played basketball very well. They thus incorporated the love for the sport in the music thereby succeeding in making the sport a black phenomenon. The city of Bloomington, just like many other cities in America, has a cosmopolitan population. It has both blacks and whites living together. However, African Americans tend to dominate in matters of entertainment. This thus implies that hip hop culture is a little bit more predominant in the entertainment scenes in the demography. A bigger portion of youths of the city appreciate the culture. This is a factor they portray in their mode of dressing, t heir hair styles and their speech patterns. Just like addressed earlier, the hip hop showcased in this city borrows much from the national and international hip hop scene. However, given the unique way of life in this city, the trend in music and movie creation has a variance of its own (Watkins 78). Arts and culture is strongly appreciated in the city. Bloomington is a home to a number of cultural centers which have been attributed to the growth of the hip hop culture in the region. There are a number of both professional and armature theater companies including the Indiana university department of theatre and drama. The other is the Bloomington Playwrights Project as well as the Cardinal Stage Company and even Theatre of the People. Besides, the streets of the city are dotted with clubs, cinemas and discos. This points to the fact that arts and culture are a vibrant social aspects of the people in the city. This is also a factor that has led to the development of the hip hop cultu re since very many artists in the city own their own in house production studios. Producing media content is therefore cheap and virtually anyone having interest has the ability to put his interest into practice and turn their talents into sources of livelihoods. There are a number of national arts festivals held in the city that further support the growth of arts and culture in the city. These are platforms that have been used to help promote the hip hop cultu

Kazakhstan Development Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Kazakhstan Development - Essay Example International trade involves movement of people, movement of capital and movement of raw materials to and fro developed and developing countries. The beneficiaries of globalization are the developed economies since the companies and trade have spread to other regions in the developing economies. Despite the free movement of people and other business related resources countries are still struggling with unfair distribution of resources, slavery, limited use of technology in developing countries, destruction of natural resources and unemployment. Nigeria being a developing economy has not enjoyed the benefits of globalization due to slow export business, huge debts and poor economic conditions that scares away the investors (Onwuka1 and Eguavoen 2007, P. 45). This paper will critically evaluate the development of Nigeria’s economy as a result of globalization. Country analysis The Nigeria economic development has been influenced by the availability of oil. Before the oil explora tion the economic grew by about 3.1 percent per year while from 1960 they was a positive growth by 6.2 percent per year but from 1980 there was a negative economic growth but rate due to adjustment and regulation the economic expended by about 4 percent. This positive economic growth due to oil drilling led to migration from rural areas to urban areas (Ekpo and Umoh 2013). As a result of industrial development, migration to urban areas and oil drilling the agricultural activities were neglected and therefore the country started to import fundamental food commodities. Domestic investment and savings also reduced while inflation rates increased to about 23 percent by the year 1976, 41 percent by the year 1989 and 72.8 percent in 1995 but later the inflation rate reduced to 9.5 percent in 1998 (Ekpo and Umoh 2013). Redundancy and joblessness was about 5 percent from 1976 to 1998 per year though its hard to document unemployment and its estimated that the rate of unemployment could be h igher due to recession in 1990s(Ekpo and Umoh 2013). As the world trade and economic expansion were being experienced in several parts of the globe Nigeria was experiencing economic recession, unemployment, scarcity of vital food items and high rate of inflation and thus failure to catch the attention of international investors and low gross domestic product. Nigeria therefore need to address it export diversity, imports, minimize debts and provide conducive environment for the foreign investors (Onwuka1 and Eguavoen 2007, P. 45. Is globalization jeopardizing developing nations’ economic development? Udombana (2002 p.11-17) reports that globalization is an incentive that unfairly and unequally solve problems of developing nations by enticing them to democratize, privatize and decentralize ,yet, industrialized nations are at a comfort zone where their currencies are strong and terms of trade stable to handle any changes in the world’s economy. Hobdell (2001) asserts tha t this is seen so because, globalization is driven by the same colonial powers who launched global campaigns of imperial control of people and resources targeted primarily at the developing nations. In disguise this force is

Management Concepts Temasek Holdings Essay Example for Free

Management Concepts Temasek Holdings Essay 1.0 Introduction Temasek Holdings is a large investment company based in Singapore. It is an active participator in the investment game, holding shares and investments in a broad range of industries all over the world. As with many companies all over the world, Temasek Holdings was affected strongly by the Global Financial Crisis, losing more than 30 per cent of the value of their portfolio (Schmermerhorn, J. Davidson, P. Poole, D. Simon, A. Woods, P Chau, S.L. 2011). Temasek’s CEO Ho Ching has been criticised for the investment losses that occurred during the economic crisis, and must now lead the company through the increased turbulence that has been presented to them. In doing so, a potential issue that Temasek Holdings is currently facing is one of leadership. If correct management processes regarding leadership are not applied, the company could face even worse consequences. To ensure that leadership does not become an issue, Ho Ching must apply effective leadership techniques to Temasek Holdings. This report will investigate various leadership options, determining an adequate approach to leadership that will assist this company in being successful in the future. Two leadership models will be assessed in-depth. It is expected that both will assist the company in continuing in the long-term, however one option will be more suitable and beneficial to Temasek Holdings. 2.0 Literature Themes or Arguments As Temasek’s CEO has recently come under fire for her stability in leadership, it is apparent that a change must be made in the way the company is managed if they are to successfully remain with the same CEO. Leadership is fundamental in regular circumstances, but it is even more essential to the business through periods of instability, making it vitally important to the livelihood of the company to apply appropriate management procedures. It is impossible for a set of specific characteristics to define whether or not someone is a good leader, however some certain personal traits have been identified as being common among successful leaders: drive, self-confidence, creativity, cognitive ability, business knowledge, motivation, flexibility, honesty and integrity. (Schmermerhorn, J. Et al. 2011). Vision and power are also vital to good leadership; however all of these things are not achieved in the same way. Many different behavioural theories have been produced in an attempt to define good leadership styles. A widely used model of management is Fred Fiedler’s contingency model. Fiedler’s theory looks at matching various types of people to various situations, somewhat of an either/or concept. It is based on the fact that someone’s style of leadership is personality-based, thus making it difficult to change. Rather, the Fiedler model suggests putting people of specific leadership styles with situations that match that style, rather than trying to change their personal leadership style, to achieve success (Wang, Victor C X; Berger, Jim 2010, pg. 6). Fiedler classifies people into two leadership styles: relations-orientated and task-orientated. Relations-orientated people are defined as â€Å"a person who is motivated to seek prominence in interpersonal relations, who is concerned with good relations with others, who is considerate in his interaction with group members, and who tends to reduce anxiety and increase the personal adjustment of his co-workers,† (Hill, Walter. 1969, pg. 34) whereas a task-orientated person is characterised to be someone who â€Å"rejects those with whom he cannot work, and obtains need gratification and self-esteem from performance of the task. He is, therefore, concerned with performing the task and he is willing to relegate interpersonal relations to a secondary position† (Hill, Walter. 1969, pg. 35) Exhibit I (Hill, Walter. 1969, pg. 36) above shows how relations-oriented and task-oriented people are determined, through leader-member relationships, leader position power and task structure. It does this by determining how well a person interacts with people (relations) and how dedicated they are to tasks. According to Hill (1969), this model is effective and further tests done corroborate with Fiedler’s findings, making it an accurate model. Hill noted that there are so many variables that sometimes it is difficult to calculate the exact leadership style that is appropriate for someone; however it is useful as it helps to assign leaders to specific tasks and delegate how efficient leadership should be achieved. In regards to Temasek, it should be established what â€Å"type† of leader Ching is, and the company would need to work with that before any leadership goals should be established. Another common model is the Hersey-Blanchard Situational Leadership Theory (SLT). It is widely used in the business sector and was developed by Paul Hersey and Kenneth H. Blanchard. This model is based upon leaders adjusting their styles based on the maturity of their followers, which is indicated by the â€Å"readiness† (how able and willing or confident) of followers (Schmermerhorn, J. Et al. 2011). When maturity (psychologically and performance-wise) is reached, it means a reduction in support and guidance can occur, instilling a positive indication of trust and confidence. A manager must look at employees and evaluate how best to perform a certain task in a certain situation, and when the situation changes, the leadership style previously used may not be as successful in the new situation (Hambleton, Ronald K; Gumpert, Ray. 1982, pg 227). Again, leadership styles are defined as relationship-orientated and task-orientated, however in this model leadership styles are classified into four groups: delegating, participating, selling and telling. This model is beneficial to companies as it has various different types of stages based on top of the classification of relations-orientated and task-orientated leadership (Figure 1). It breaks down the two types further, into the four types above, thus making it easier to classify. Again, however, variables come into play, and it can be seen from various research that the SLT model does have its limitations. Goodson (1989) states that when further studies have been conducted on this model, the main classifier of groups (â€Å"maturity† or competence) makes almost no difference to the leadership style of a person (Goodson, Jane R; McGee, Gail W; Cashman, James F. 1989, pg. 446). Also, Goodson established that in these tests no actual measure of maturity and/or readiness was really possible when conducting research on the SLT model, making it difficult to say for certain whether the model can be effective. Furthermore, Blank (1990) makes further reference to the fact that there is little to no research supporting this model in his studies, saying that both basing the research on the main factor (maturity) as well as more complex methods, little support was found to corroborate with the main theorems of the model (Blank, Warren; Weitzel, John R; Green, Stephen G. 1990, pg. 579). false 3.0 Recommendations In the case of Temasek Holdings, it can be said that adopting a new leadership approach will be entirely beneficial for the company. No information is given as to what current leadership styles are used, but the amount of criticism being received currently illustrates that a change is needed. Of the two leadership theories discussed, it can be said that both have negative and positive points, as with any business directive. Fiedler’s model uses three determining factors: leader-member relationships, leader position power and task structure, to determine how a leadership style will work effectively. This is essentially beneficial to a business as it allows more than one factor to determine a leadership style, giving a more accurate description of what leadership style will fit a situation. This model was also corroborated with research conducted by Hill (1969) who conducted a study that demonstrated that Fiedler’s was almost always effective in the workplace. However, there were limitations in regards to variables. As every person is so different personality-wise there is a large number of variables, not all of which can be categorised. Because of this, some variables may be missed or excluded, but overall the final result does not change, making the model very effective. The second theory, Hersey-Blanchard’s SLT, uses maturity as the basis of calculating how a leadership style will be effective. This could be effective to some extent, however both Goodson (1989) and Blank (1990) argue that just one determining factor is not enough to warrant an effective model. The model is beneficial as it breaks down leadership styles into four obvious categories; the problem is determining which personality fits into these categories. No clear measure of maturity is possible, making it difficult to categorise leadership styles. Goodson (1989) also states that maturity and competence has no real effect on leadership styles. Looking at these results, it can be recommended that for Temasek Holdings to continue operating at a high level, the Fiedler model of contingency should be used as a model for assigning leadership tasks. Giving every leader in a business tasks based on their personality is advantageous as it means instead of the person working with something they are not specifically styled for, they are able to be fit with tasks that suit them. Overall, this will make a significant change both in employee satisfaction (workers are doing jobs that suit their personality style, thus making them more content) as well as production, as the leadership style they are assigned will work well for them. Models by Hill (1969) are further evidence that this model does indeed work, and that it can bring positive effects to Temasek in the future. If Temasek Holdings chooses to operate within this leadership model, criticism for the way the business is run will be lessened. Both in the short and long term this form of leadership will be beneficial to the company, affecting both large positions (for example, the CEO Ho Ching) as well as smaller managers within the company. The research shows that this is the best model for Temasek to use to bring it the most success in the future.

National minimum wage which covers the whole of south korea

National minimum wage which covers the whole of south korea Introduction The third edition of Collins dictionary defines that the minimum wage is the lowest wage that an employer is allowed to pay an employee according to a law or agreement. South Korea introduced the minimum wage in 1988 with the purpose of stabilizing low-paid workers living and improving the quality of the labour force, thereby contributing to the stable development of the national economy.(Minimum Wage Act, Article 1, 1986) Since then, South Korea has have one national minimum wage which covers the whole of South Korea, even though there are various exceptions which are not applied, such as any businesses employing only families or relatives who are living together, those who are hired for household works, seamen who are subject to the Seamen Act, trainees who are doing on-the-job training during the first 3 months and workers with disabilities who can be paid sub-minimum wages pursuant to a certificate issued by the Ministry of Labour. The minimum wage in South Korea in 1988 was 462 won (KRW, a proxy 0.37 dollar at the current exchange rate: 1$=1,240 KRW), the minimum wage in 2009 is 4,000 won (a proxy 3.23 dollars at the current exchange rate). In case of the US, the US federal minimum wage in 2009 is 7.25 dollars and that of 1988 was 3.35 dollars. (U.S Department of Labor, 2009) If we compare two countries with 2008 minimum wage which South Koreas minimum wage was 3,770 KRW(3.41 dollars, at the 2008 average exchange rate: 1$=1,105 KWR) and the US federal minimum wage is 5.85 dollars. Considered the gross national income per capita in 2008 which of South Korea is 21,530 USD and that of the US is 47,580 USD The World Bank, 2009), the level of the minimum wage in South Korea is not low, and furthermore the average increasing rate during the past 10 years in South Korea, which is over 10%, is much higher than that of the US. But because of the recent economic depression, while the Minimum Wage Council (MWC) which is established in the Ministry of Labor to deliberate the minimum wage and other related matters, which is composed of three part representatives workers representatives, employers representatives and the public representatives, deliberated the minimum wage in 2010, there was a big gap between workers representatives and employers representatives, even employers representatives who have offered a slight increase during the last two decades made a suggestion that the minimum wage should be frozen or should be dropped. After the long deliberation, the minimum wage of the next year fixed at 4,110 KRW which is the lowest increase level during the past 10 years. Furthermore on 18th Nov. 2008, 31 members of the National Assembly from the ruling party (Hannara-party) submitted the revised minimum wage bill, in which included the introduction of a regional minimum wage and exception to the over 60 years old people. They claimed that the present minimum wage level is quite high, becomes a burden to small businesses, and ultimately causes the low-skilled workers unemployment. (The National Assembly, 2008) The proposal of amending the minimum wage act provoked the criticism from the Labour Unions and some social organizations. In this research, I will review one aspect of the revised bill, the regional minimum wage introduction into South Korea. The economists perspectives of the minimum wage According to conventional supply and demand curves, the price of the product is fixed at the equilibrium point, theoretically the labour market is the same. The price of the labour market i.e. the wage settles at the equilibrium point (Figure 1, at We) where supply and demand meet together, therefore there is no unemployment. But the minimum wage is settled at the certain level which is mostly higher than the equilibrium (figure 1, at Wm) with the certain social and political purpose, for example, the stabilization of vulnerable workers livelihoods and income redistribution. Economists say that the minimum wage reduces employment in the sectors which it targets to cover and the decrease of employment outweighs the wage increase leading to lose low-skilled workers jobs. In figure 1, if the minimum wage settles at Wm, then it causes the unemployment (G-D) and the amount of employed workers reduces from F which is the amount of the employed when the government does not intervene in the labour market to D. This is the basic theory that most economists use when they mention the negative effects of minimum wage George Stigler (1946, p358) points out in his article that the popular objective of minimum wage legislation-the elimination of poverty-was not debatable and a minimum wage could not guarantee the low-wage members of wealthier households. He claims that the program of increasing income must be supplemented by a program of education-in diet, in housing, in education. (Stigler, 1946, p365) It is commonly agreed in the field of economics that the minimum wage is not an effective device for eliminating poverty. The brief history of the Minimum Wage The minimum wage was first introduced in New Zealand in 1894 in response to so-called sweat shops workers strikes. (Starr, 1981) Now most countries in the worlds including the US, France, Canada, Japan, China and the UK have the minimum wage regulation. Still there are a few countries which do not have the minimum wage regulation such as Germany, Italy, Swiss, Sweden and Denmark. In case of South Korea, the minimum wage act enacted in 1986 on the grounds of the Constitution. Since the enforcement in 1988, reflecting the economic and social change, amendment has been made. But the assessment about the minimum wage is different among people. Employers complain that the present minimum wage policy does not reflect the current businesses situation and the change of the labour market (MWC, 2008). In contrast, labour unions argue that the current minimum wage is a very low level and does not carry out the objective of minimum wage effectively. The debates about its effects are still going on. Criteria for setting minimum wages Each country has its own organizations and minimum wage deciding procedure. Factors which affect the minimum wage vary from countries, in spite of the varieties; we can generally classify them into three main factors, which are the needs of workers, ability to pay and the requirements of development. (Starr, 1981) Gerald Starr mentions that defining meaningful criteria is the main key to ensure the objectives of minimum wage. (Star, 1981) In South Korea, the minimum wage act article 4 states that a minimum wage shall be set after considering the workers living cost, labour productivity and the ratio of income distribution and it can be set differently by the industry. There is a controversy whether criteria are meaningful or not, and how each criterion can be measured precisely is also a concern. Despite of the other arguments about the minimum wage policies, I will not talk about them here. The introduction of a regional minimum wage into South Korea As I mentioned in the introduction, the revised bill by Hannara-party is pending at National Assembly. This revised bill includes several debatable issues. The regional minimum wage introduction is one of them. Hannara-party claims that the minimum wage has contributed to the low-paid workers livelihoods ; meanwhile the recent financial crisis causes financial pressure to small companies, makes them violate the law and consequently is taking the job opportunity from the vulnerable working class. They say that there exists a gap to the living cost and between provinces. That is the main reason to suggest the revision. (NA, 2008) Under the present acting law, there is no ground that Ministry of Labour can set a different minimum wage according to geographical areas. On the minimum wage act article 4, Ministry of Labour can set a minimum wage differently according to industries. But until now, Ministry of Labour has never set the minimum wage differently by industries. As soon as Hannara-party turned the bill in, Korean Confederation of Trade Unions (KCTU) made an announcement that Hannara-partys suggestion is a threat to the basic role of minimum wage. The regional minimum wage introduction will cause the society to widen the social and economic gaps between the provinces and to deepen the emotional diversion. KCTU argues that the revised bill will make workers who work at the small companies where the minimum wage is comparatively low move to the higher areas i.e. Seoul or the other big cities. In the long run, the regional minimum wage will not help small companies in the local and rural areas but will destroy small companies. Furthermore, it will devastate the national economy. Federation of Korean Trade Unions (FKTU) which is the other major associated union organizations also expressed the same position about the revised bill with the KCTU. In contrast to KCTUs arguments, the Korea Employers Federation expresses an agreement about a regional minimum wage introduction. KEF says the cost of living and the average wage in each city and each province is different. The price in local provinces or rural areas is relatively low, compared to Seoul and Kyeonggi province-so-called metropolitan cities. But the present system-one national minimum wage- does not reflect this cost living difference, the wage gap and the structural difference in the labour market. Considered the purpose of minimum wage which is to protect the low-paid workers, setting a regional minimum wage which workers can live with rather than establishing one national minimum wage is effective to the national economy. They claim that the law should be revised and minimum wage can be set differently according to geographical areas. They argue that a regional minimum wage is more appropriate to the objective protecting the low-paid workers. Through reflecting the price difference and applying differently to the areas, the regional minimum wage will also help small companies from the labor shortage. But they say that the process to determine the minimum wage should be reformed first, they express their worries if the authorities to determine the minimum wage are given to each province and then the disputes between employers and workers will worsen. KCTU argues that KEFs idea is unarguable and the Hannara-party revised bill is a retrogressive bill under the recent economic crisis, even it is against the Constitutional principles. Two major associated labor unions organizations say that they will continuously do street rally in major cities throughout the county, and will show their protestation against the revised bill, furthermore do every efforts to protect the lower-class and to gain a Living Wage until the Hannara-party and the government will withdraw the pending bill. Concerning this aspect, Uh soo-bong, a professor at Korea University of Technology and Education, said in the conference hosted by MWC in November 2008 that the regional minimum wage introduction could be considered if there is a significant gap between minimum living costs according to regions. But he added that there is no objective evidence for that until now. Some countries have the regional minimum wage, for example, the US, Canada, Australia and Brazil. (MWC, 2009) In case of the US, the minimum wage first was adopted by Massachusetts in 1912 to cover women and children before the federal minimum wage was adopted. Since then, several states also adopted the minimum wage legislation. The Fair Labor Standards Act, passed in 1938, is the first federal minimum wage regulation. The President at that time, Roosevelt, said that The law was the most far-sighted program for the benefit of workers ever adopted. Wages must ensure a minimum standard of living necessary for health, efficiency and general well-being, the act stipulated without substantially curtailing employment. Ever since, even in the US, critics and supporters have disputed over the minimum wage: some say it destroys jobs by making it too expensive to keep workers. Other economists note, however, that because a majority of minimum-wage earners work in outsourcing-resistant service jobs, businesses will have a hard time dismissing the workers massively. Researchers at the University of California at Berkeley found that after an 80-cent New Jersey minimum wage increase in 1992, employment in the states fast-food restaurants rose slightly faster than in Pennsylvania, where the minimum wage did not change. (Card and Kruger, 1995) Instead of killing jobs, minimum wage supporters argue, the wage floor increases productivity and boosts consumer purchasing power. Now many states in the US have minimum wage laws. Therefore an employee is subject to both the state and federal minimum wage laws, the employee is entitled to the higher of the two minimum wages. Even though the federal government for almost 10 years from 1997 to 2006 did not increase the minimum wage, each state has increased the state minimum wage independently according to their own decision. Despite of the unchanged federal minimum wage, the states minimum wage increase did positive role in improvement for workers. As you can see figure 2, the number of the states which do not have state minimum wage is 5 which lie mostly in southern area, for example, Louisiana, Tennessee, and Mississippi. The number of states which have the lower state minimum wage is 7 and that of states which have the higher minimum wage is 12. Canada has only the states minimum wage, Canada does not have a national or federal minimum wage. In 1918, the state of British Colombia established the minimum wage first, and then Ontario, in 1920. Each state in Canada has the authority to decide the minimum wage independently. From the stage of the minimum wage introduction, South Korea and the US were quite different. In case of the US, Massachusetts first adopted the minimum wage, and a federal minimum wage was first set in 1938. Even though the national minimum wage does not change, the states set own minimum wages. The period 1997-2007 is the longest period during which the federal minimum wage has not been changed. Many states have departed from the federal minimum wage. Washingtons minimum wage is 8.55 dollars as of January 1, 2009. California and Massachusetts currently have minimum wages of 8.00 dollars, meanwhile the federal government has minimum wage of 7.25 dollars. There are lots of researches about the effects of minimum wage, but there are not many articles about comparison to a regional minimum wage and a national minimum wage. David Card and Alan B, Kruger published Myth and Measurement: The New Economics of the Minimum wage in 1995. This book contains the cross-state comparisons. The study of employment in the fast food industry after the 1992 increase in the New Jersey minimum wage shows that employment was not affected adversely. In comparison to New Jersey and eastern Pennsylvania where the minimum wage remains unchanged, conducted before and after the increase in the New Jersey, they found that the employment in New Jersey actually expanded with the increase minimum wage. Secondly a cross-state analysis finds that the 1990 and 1991 increases in the federal minimum wage did not affect teenage employment adversely. They mentions most economic discussions of public policy are concerned with questions of efficiency: in other words, where a particular policy generates more benefits than costs. In their research, they claim the minimum wage might raise the efficiency. In their views, the minimum wage is mainly a distributional issue. (Card and Kruger, 1995) They come to a conclusion that minimum wage does not have any negative effects to the employment. Their works rekindled the disputes among the economists. Kevin M. Murphy and Finis R. Welch, at a seminar in Washington in 1995 held by the American Enterprise Institute, claim that their research was prejudged and therefore, biased. Murphy and Welch also point out that systematic differences in state labor markets can obviously bias cross-state comparisons of employment as measures of minimum wage effects. (Murphy and Welch, 1996) Card and Krugers book has a different view from the commonly agreed idea, but ignores the potential effects of an increase in the minimum wage on cost of living. They study an aspect of the cost side of a higher minimum wage its effect on firms profitability, but they do not have the satisfying outcomes for the distribution side. Introducing a regional minimum wage into South Korea is another story from the US. Each state of the US rules independent politically and socially. It has own laws which have settled from the long history. As you can see the difference scale in two countries, the system of two countries is the more important aspect. Are there any needs to introduce a regional minimum wage into South Korea? Is the difference of cost living between provinces big enough to consider a regional minimum wage introduction? While Hannara-party and employers claims that the cost living and the price of commodities in local areas are relatively low, consumers price index shows that there is no difference between provinces. Furthermore, according to the result of the regional wage and working hour survey by the Ministry of Labor, Seoul, Ulsan, Taejeon and Kyeong-gi are the highest provinces in the monthly wage, Jeju and Jeonbuk is the lowest area. Jeju and Jeonbuk are considered as a low area of cost living, Seoul is considered as the most expensive city to live in. If a regional minimum wage is introduced for small companies in local provinces, the minimum wages of small provinces will be likely to lower than that of big cities, which will cause the gap of wage bigger. We can say that table 3 demonstrates the present wage reflects the cost living and the price of commodities. Conclusion The ultimate goal of minimum wage is for the stabilization of low-paid workers, not for the benefits of businesses. Even under one national minimum wage, the gap of the average wage between provinces is big. The average wage in so-called local provinces which assume that the cost living is rather low is the lowest level. The introduction might lessen the financial burden in the short run, but in the long run, economic polarization will deepen. And South Korea has a different political system from the US. Each province is not separate in politically and socially. That is the other aspect which makes the introduction difficult. Card and Kruger said minimum wage has no effect to the employment through the empirical research of New Jersey and Pennsylvania, but they did not consider each states cost living. As Stigler said in his paper, for small companies, the direct subsidy rather than minimum wage might be a better solution. (Stigler, 1946) References George J. Stigler The American Economic Association Vol 36, No 3 (Jun.,1936) pp 358~365 David Card, Alan B, Krueger Myth and Measurement the new economic of the minimum wage, Princeton university press Princeton, New Jersey,1995 The effects of the Minimum wage on Employment ,

Global Warming :: Greenhouse Effect, Climate Change

Global Warming Abstract The world's scientific experts agree that industrial and land use activities are having an adverse impact on our climate. Burning of fossil fuels such as coal, oil, and gasoline creates global warming pollution that acts as the glass in a greenhouse, reflecting heat back toward the Earth and warming our climate. If we do not take steps now to reduce our emissions of global warming pollution, we will suffer serious environmental, public health, and economic repercussions. We owe it to our next generations to leave them a healthy environment and economy. Industries must start reducing their emissions of global warming pollution before we seal the fate of future generations. The earth's climate is predicted to change because human activities are altering the chemical composition of the atmosphere through the buildup of greenhouse gases (primarily carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide). Its functions are similarly to the walls and roof of a greenhouse, allowing sunlight to enter, but preventing heat from escaping. Sunlight passes through the atmosphere and heats the earth?s surface. The earth gives off heat energy, in the form of infrared radiation, which travels back toward the atmosphere. Instead of going into space, some of the infrared radiation is trapped by greenhouse gases (Schneider, 1989). The main greenhouse gases are carbon dioxide, methane, water vapor, and ozone. The gases send infrared radiation back to the earth's surface. Some greenhouse gases occur naturally in the atmosphere, while others result from human activities. Naturally occuring greenhouse gases include water vapor, carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, and ozone. Certain human activities, however, add to the levels of most of these naturally occurring gases: 1) Carbon dioxide is released to the atmosphere when solid waste, fossil fuels (oil, natural gas, and coal), and wood and wood products are burned. 2) Methane is emitted during the production and transport of coal, natural gas, and oil. Methane emissions also result from the decomposition of organic wastes in municipal solid waste landfills, and the raising of livestock. 3) Nitrous oxide is emitted during agricultural and industrial activities, as well as during combustion of solid waste and fossil fuels. Greenhouse gases that are not naturally occurring include byproducts of foam production, refrigeration, and air conditioning called chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), as well as hyrofluorocarbons (HFCs) and perfluorocarbons (PFCs) generated by industrial processes.

Original Definition of Art Essay -- Art, Definition

My definition of art is imagination and passion expressed by creating a visual feature. I consider art to be a figurative of the imagination because everything starts with thought. People create life by thinking of ways to develop; this then creates art. It is as simple as watching a child draw a picture. I can recall imagining a picture in my head and expressing my thoughts on paper. The drawing did not come out as I imagined but it took me to a place and every time I saw the picture I thought about the vision I had created in my head. Although art involves imagination, not everyone has passion to create art. Art can be created through anger and frustration. I think that is the best way to create art. It can show passion to the person that will see this visual aspect. Art can be viewed through many perspectives. An example can be of a chandler that hangs in my grandmother’s house. My grandmother loves the chandler and brags about it every chance she gets. Living with her and imagining the image of the chandler falling on my head has created a negative view towards it. She looks as it as art on a good perspective while I take it in as art that I have a passion for destroying; in the end its always considered to be art. I consider art a visual feature because it is look at and critiqued by people. I feel that art can be expressed through many things such as dance, painting, riding a bike, etc. It is considered art when the image and passion is seen through the audience. Many may criticize my thoughts with the visual meaning towards art. This can be summed up by stating, art is something seen that shows passion and imagination. ï‚ § Chicago Foundations of Modern Architecture Definition The Chicago Foundations of Modern... .... 03 Dec. 2009. . Hunter, Marnie, ed. "Chicago: Tracing Modern Architecture." CNN. Cable News Network. Web. 12 Oct. 2009. . "Paleolithic and Neolithic Art." The Alamo Colleges. Web. 03 Dec. 2009. . Teacher resource science biology chemistry at cartage.org. Web. 03 Dec. 2009. .

American Sign Language Essay

For years psychologists have debated and tried to find out how our individual behaviour is gained- are we born with it or do we gain it through experience? Many psychologists have tried to find ways in which they can measure if our behaviour is learnt or inherited but these psychologists have encountered problems while doing so.  One problem that psychologists have when investigating whether behaviour is learned or inherited is actually finding a task that can be given to all of the different participants. Psychologists carrying out an experiment to find out about behaviour usually have participants which are different in some way, for example different sexes, different cultures, different levels of intelligence. Deregowski conducted a cross cultural experiment to see if people from different cultures perceive pictures the same. He found that the African children spent a lot of time looking at the pen and paper as they had never before seen or used them in their life. The same task has to be given to all of the participants as the same dependant variable is being measured and this is a big problem as it decreases the reliability of the results. Another problem is that it is very difficult to separate genetics and our experience as we begin learning from the moment we are born. This makes it hard to find a task that can measure just the intelligence we are born with because as long as we are on this planet, we are constantly learning new things that make us more intelligent. Gould carried out an experiment to measure people’s native intellectual ability (the intelligence we are a born with which is unaffected by culture and educational opportunities). The experiment clearly didn’t measure native intellectual ability, as you needed to know about American culture to answer the questions. Even thought the experiment was biased and favoured Americans, it is still a good example of how difficult it is to measure our native intellectual ability because Gould’s aim for the experiment was to measure this but this obviously proved to be very difficult. Other psychologists have tried to measure the intellectual ability we are born with but many have began to question whether we can ever make a task that measures our native intellectual ability. The only way we come very close to separating our learned and inherited ability is if we separate two identical twins at birth and put them into different environments. We could put one into an environment where a very minimal amount of behaviour is learnt from experience. For example we could put the twin into an empty room with no contact with the outside world and hardly any human contact (somewhat like a prison). The other twin can lead a normal life by going to school, interacting with other people etc. We can then observe the two twins in later life and if their behaviour is very similar or the same, it proves that behaviour is inherited. If the twin who lived in the outside world is more developed that the twin who was shut away from the world, it would prove that our behaviour is gained through experience. This is the only ideal way to investigate whether behaviour is learned or inherited but is this method ethical? Gardner & Gardner wanted to see whether a chimpanzee could communicate in American Sign Language and the only way they could investigate their aim was to treat a chimpanzee like a human and take it out of its natural habitat. They proved that a chimpanzee could communicate in ASL but the experiment was criticised by many people who thought it was unethical.